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Tonkawa
The Tonkawa are a Native American tribe indigenous to present-day Oklahoma and Texas. They once spoke the now-extinct Tonkawa language; it is believed to have been a language isolate not related to any other indigenous tongues. Today many descendants are enrolled in the federally recognized tribe Tonkawa Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma.
In the 15th century, the Tonkawa Tribe probably numbered around 5,000, with their numbers diminishing to around 1,600 by the late 17th century due to fatalities from new infectious diseases and warring with other tribes, most notably the Apache. By 1921, only 34 tribal members remained. Their numbers have since recovered to close to 700 in the early 21st century. Most live in Oklahoma.〔
==Name==
The Tonkawa's autonym is Tickanwa•tic (meaning "real people"). The name Tonkawa is derived from the Waco tribal word, ''Tonkaweya'', meaning "they all stay together."〔May, Jon D. ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''. "Tonkawa." Retrieved May 30, 2013.()〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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